Distributed Energy Storage Configuration Method for AC/DC Hybrid Distribution Network Based on Bi-Level Optimization

Aiming at prominent voltage quality problems in AC/DC hybrid distribution networks with a high proportion of distributed energy and diversified loads, this paper proposes a bi-level energy storage system (ESS) optimization model. The upper level optimizes the ESS configuration with the goal of minimizing the cost, and the lower level optimizes the real-time running state of the ESS. Considering multiple constraints, the improved PSO algorithm and the Gurobi solver are used to solve the problem. The test on the modified IEEE-33 node system verified that the model effectively improved voltage quality and reduced power system costs, which provides theoretical and engineering support for the scientific configuration of the ESS.