Effect of Testosterone Therapy on Cytochrome P450 3A and P‐Glycoprotein Activities Using Midazolam and Digoxin as Probe Substrates Among Transgender Adults
Gender-affirming testosterone therapy did not significantly affect CYP3A or P-glycoprotein activities. Gender-affirming testosterone therapy may have minimal effects on the pharmacokinetics of other medications that are substrates of CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Caution may be warranted for medications with a narrow therapeutic index.
Authors
- Dina N. Greene (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-9904)
- Elizabeth Micks (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-3814)
- Alson K. Burke
- Mary F. Hébert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-8189)
- Radhika Narla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1648-6044)
- Lauren R. Cirrincione (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9115-1060)
- Rene Coig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6130-0803)
- Linda J. Risler
- Kristen K. Patton
- Michiko Hunter
Institutions
- University of Washington (US)
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
- Published
- 2025-12-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.70093
- Primary Topic
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- University of Washington
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy
- ACCP Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences