Harnessing the Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiota-Based Strategies for Mental and Metabolic Health

The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional communication network between the central nervous system (CNS) and the enteric nervous system (ENS), linking emotional and cognitive brain centers with gut activity via neural, hormonal, immune, and humoral routes. The brain also affects gut microbes through stress responses and autonomic control. This study aims to develop microbiota-based approaches to enhance mood and health by promoting a balanced GBA. Our framework includes: probiotic/prebiotic use to support mental and metabolic health; dietary changes to influence gut flora and inflammation; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for severe dysregulation; and drugs targeting gut- related hormones and neurotransmitters. We will use literature reviews, meta-analyses, and conceptual clinical trial designs.We expect these GBA-targeted strategies to improve mental health (e.g., reduced anxiety/depression, better cognition), metabolic function (e.g., improved glucose control, weight management), and overall well-being. This approach may also uncover novel therapeutic targets.The significance lies in its potential to transform treatment of mental and metabolic disorders by addressing root causes. This interdisciplinary, minimally invasive strategy supports personalized medicine and long-term health benefits through GBA modulation.