Management of Ḥaṣā wa Raml al-Kulya (Nephrolithiasis) with Unani Medication and Regimental Therapy

Abstract Ḥaṣā wa Raml al-Kulya (nephrolithiasis) affects approximately 15% of the global population and 2.3% of the Indian population. It is characterized by the formation of crystalline deposits, typically within the kidneys. As per the Unani literature, renal calculi result from the retention of viscous humor in the kidneys, transforming into stones due to the innate heat of the kidneys. This case report details the management of right-sided nephrolithiasis in a 49-year-old male patient presenting with dull pain in the right flank. The patient, treated at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar, had the symptoms for 3 months, with ultrasonography revealing a 6.5-mm stone in the mid-calyx of the right kidney, without hydronephrosis. The Unani treatment included Ma‘jūn Hajrul Yahūd (5 g) and Sharbat Bazūrī Mu‘tadil (10 ml) twice daily for 6 weeks [for the compositions of compound drugs], along with Inkibāb (local application) comprising Gul-i-Bābuna ( Matricaria chamomilla L.) and Gul-i-Tīsū ( Butea monosperma Lam.) applied over the lower back and right flank for 4 weeks, performed on alternate days. The patient showed significant clinical improvement after 7 days of treatment, with a renal calculus being expelled during the 5 th week of therapy. The patient reported no acute pain during the treatment. This case underscores the efficacy of the Unani regimen in managing nephrolithiasis, demonstrating its potential as an effective, nonsurgical treatment option.