Impact response of dynamic coupling between aramid fabric mesoscopic model and soft tissue

As a core equipment for anti-riot law enforcement, non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles do not cause penetrating injuries due to their blunt impact effect, but they tend to transfer kinetic energy to induce severe concave damage to human abdominal soft tissues, and even endanger the safety of internal organs. Aiming at the limitation in existing studies where the mesoscopic structure of fabrics and the dynamic response of human soft tissues are analyzed in isolation, this study innovatively constructs a dynamic coupling system of “3D mesoscopic yarn model - skin-fat-muscle layered biomechanical model”. For the first time in the research on blunt impact of non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles, it realizes the collaborative simulation of yarn interlacing effect and the biomechanical properties of soft tissues. Impact process simulations were carried out via LS-DYNA, which revealed the dual protective mechanisms of single-layer aramid fabric (“energy absorption + stress diffusion”) and the layered collaborative response law of soft tissues (“transmission - buffering - dispersion”), effectively controlling the degree of impact damage. This coupled model overcomes the simplification defects of traditional flat fabric models, fills the research gap in the coupling mechanism between mesoscopic yarns and soft tissues in the field of non-lethal kinetic energy projectile protection, and accurately captures the mesoscopic-macroscopic correlation of “yarn slippage - energy transmission - soft tissue response”. It provides a core modeling method for the optimal design of protective systems.