Pre - post FMD (foot and mouth disease) outbreak income analysis of beef cattle farmers in Ngargoyoso district Karanganyar regency

This study aimed to analyze the income of beef cattle farmers before, during, and after the FMD (Foot and Mouth Disease) outbreak. The research was conducted in Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency, which experienced a decline in cattle population from 5,651 heads in 2023 to 1,399 heads in 2024. Respondents of the study were 30 farmers who owned at least two beef cattle. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method using survey techniques. Data were collected through interviews with cattle farmers, then tabulated, calculated, and analyzed descriptively. The analysis results showed that the 2022 FMD outbreak significantly impacted beef cattle farming in Ngargoyoso District, reducing the cattle population by 39.8% and causing farmers to experience an average loss of IDR 2,088,811 per ST per year with an R/C ratio of 0.93, indicating economically inefficient operations. Despite improved profitability post-outbreak, both PBBH and IOFC remained substantially lower than pre-epidemic levels, demonstrating incomplete recovery in productivity and economic performance.