Anticorrelation emerges within a dynamic and competitive neural landscape

Default network anticorrelation with other neurocognitive networks has been a topic of ongoing and expanding interest in neuroscience. Advances in anticorrelation research have moved beyond debates regarding methodological artifact to reveal a more comprehensive view of brain function. We review neurocognitive, anatomical, computational, neuromodulatory, and dynamical approaches to the study of anticorrelation. We argue that anticorrelation is a robust feature of network organization, revealing a latent principle of network competition. • Anticorrelation is a feature of network organization. • Neurocognition, anatomy, computational models, neuromodulation and dynamics reviewed. • Converging evidence indicates that anticorrelation reveals network competition.