Exploring mechanisms of differential vulnerability in Early‐Onset vs. Late‐Onset sporadic Frontotemporal Dementia: a single‐center longitudinal study

Our results suggest a stronger association between NfL levels and cognitive decline in eoFTD than in loFTD, despite generally higher CSF NfL levels in the latter. This may reflect greater neurodegeneration susceptibility or a more direct link with cognitive decline in younger patients. Notably, no associations were found between ΔMMSE and vascular risk factors, microglial activation, or blood-brain barrier permeability-factors linked to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. These findings highlight potential FTD-specific mechanisms requiring further investigation to tailor therapeutic strategies.