Haematological Parameters in Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney disease is a condition where gradual decline of renal function can happen with time, leading to end-stage renal disease. The early detection becomes relevant to avoid the progression .and this study aimed to analyse the hematological parameters in CKD stages 3, 4 and 5 with a comparative evaluation of those that do not require hemodialysis and those managed by hemodialysis. A 2ml EDTA blood sample of the patient was analyzed in an automated 6-part analyzer with peripheral smear prepared. eGFR was calculated with CKD-EPI formula with patients categorized into stages 3,4 and 5, with 26 patients in each. A comparison analysis of hematological parameters was done between stages. Mean age remained around 60 with most cases having normocytic normochromic anemia Total count increased with neutrophilia with other differential counts within normal range. There is decrease in RBC count and hematocrit with increase in immature granulocytes. Mean corpuscular volume, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin and hemoglobin concentration with retic and Immature reticulocyte fraction remained in normal range with mean reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent decreased. Mean platelet count remained within normal level with increase in Mean platelet volume and mean Platelet distribution width with progression of stages. As the duration of dialysis increased, total count decreased. Hemoglobin ,RBC count with hematocrit decreased. Red cell indices increased and Platelet count decreased with increase in Mean platelet volume. Analysing these differences at the earliest will help in better management of CKD and helps to impede the progression from 3 to 5 stages.