Assessing the consistency of numerical models for wind instrument impedance

Numerical simulation of the input impedance of wind instruments is the basis of much work in music acoustics.However, the accuracy and reproducibility of such simulations across different contributors remain little documented.This study aims to benchmark the reliability of numerical simulations for pipe impedance, focusing on simple geometries such as cylindrical and conical pipes, and to identify key factors influencing simulation variability.A collaborative approach was adopted, involving multiple contributors employing various numerical models, including TMM, FEM (1D or 3D), etc., and eventually different physical models for the propagation,