Gleason score discrepancies between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy in prostate cancer patients: a retrospective single-center analysis

These findings highlight significant limitations of pre-surgery biopsy-based grading evaluation. The high rate of upgrading or downgrading suggests current risk stratification systems may underestimate or overestimate clinical impact. This study identified several variables that may assist clinicians in accurately determining the true pathological GS of PCa. This may help to optimize clinical-decisions and improving cancer-specific outcomes in Chinese PCa patients.