Substances that Enhance Osteogenic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth in Vitro: A Systematic Review

Background: Fundamental restoration of damaged dental and periodontal tissues requires regenerative approaches beyond conventional treatments.Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), which possess high multipotency, are considered a promising resource in stem cell-based regenerative therapies.This study aimed to comprehensively review the extrinsic factors that promote osteogenic differentiation of SHED.Methods: In total, 840 studies were searched using two databases: PubMed and Embase.After screening and evaluation, 18 studies were ultimately included for the analysis.Results: Various extrinsic factors, including signaling molecules, bioactive compounds, nanomaterials, and biomaterials, were found to promote the mineralization and expression of osteogenic proteins and genes in SHED, with distinct mechanisms and efficacies observed among different substances.Conclusion: The review findings provide foundational data for future regenerative dentistry research utilizing SHED and are expected to guide experimental strategies and support potential clinical applications.