Room Temperature Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based on Pd-SnO₂ Nanomaterials with Electro-spinning

The palladium (Pd) nanodots (NDs)-embedded SnO₂ nanowires (NWs) are synthesized to fabricate highly sensitive hydrogen (H₂) gas sensors, with a focus on the effect of electrospinning time. The SnO₂ NWs are synthesized using the electro-spinning technique for durations of 5, 10, and 20 seconds. The Pd NDs are decorated on the surface of SnO₂ via sputtering. The Pd- SnO₂ gas sensor of the electro-spinning for 10 seconds demonstrates a low detection concentration range (4-50 ppm), high responsivity (~ 10), and faster response/recovery times at room temperature. The improved sensing characteristics are attributed to the increased NWs density and the catalytic effects of PdHx formation, along with the Schottky barrier effect. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates excellent stability and repeatability under ambient conditions (27°C, 31% RH), indicating its practical potential for real-time H₂ monitoring in industrial safety and environmental applications. This study highlights the influence of electro-spinning duration on the sensitivity and performance of H₂ gas sensors.