Integration of <scp>LADM</scp> and <scp>TUCBS</scp> Based on <scp>SDG</scp> 11 Indicators: A Case Study of Türkiye

ABSTRACT Since the mid‐20th century, rapid urbanisation has created significant challenges in managing resources, infrastructure, and social resilience. Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) emphasises the creation of inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities. In this context, data models have been developed at both national and international levels, particularly in the area of land administration, which forms the infrastructure of sustainable cities. The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM—ISO 19152) is a conceptual data model and an international standard that systematically manages land‐related information. In the Türkiye case, the Turkish National Geographic Information System (TÜBİTAK) provides a national implementation for standardising and integrating geographic data. In this context, this study aims to determine the SDG 11 performances of national TUCBS implementation and international LADM standard by applying four processing steps within the scope of SDG 11 sub‐targets. As a result, under the conservative per‐target union rule applied, the integrated LADM‐TUCBS scenario does not increase the aggregate SDG 11 alignment beyond TUCBS alone; somewhat, it improves auditability, provenance, and interoperability through transparent, indicator‐ready crosswalks.