Explication of Pairs with Antonymous, Synonymous and Adjacent Relations between Components Using the First Chapter of the Treatise “Huang-di Nei Jing. Su Wen” as a Case Study in the Context of the Interaction between Language and Medicine in Traditio

Researchers and practitioners studying traditional Chinese medicine often face problems in interpreting ancient texts. Among the problems, scientists cite the ambiguity of words and meanings, the presence of specialized, outdated vocabulary, etc. As for the treatise “Huang Di nei jing”, there is a large number of works examining the medical aspects of the treatise, while there are only few works devoted to the philological analysis of the treatise. The purpose of this work is to determine the original meaning of terms using the the first chapter of the treatise “Huang Di nei jing. Su wen” as a case study. This article proposes a method for studying terms, based on the approaches of V.S. Spirin and A.M. Karapetyants, which includes conducting structural analysis of the text, identifying parallel constructions, explication of pairs with antonymous, synonymous and adjacent relationships between components and subsequent definition of classes for each pair. This method for studying terms allows not only analyze the structure of Chinese texts, but also allows to form an approach to the interpretation of ancient medical texts in general.The proposed method can be used for analysis of other ancient Chinese texts, both medical and philosophical, and contribute to the development of communication science, promoting a more accurate understanding of the information reflected in ancient texts.