Uncarbonized Bovine Bone/MOF Composite as a Hybrid Green Material for CO and CO2 Selective Adsorption

This work aims to adsorb CO and CO2 using a low-cost biogenic waste (bone) as a platform for the in situ growth of HKUST-1, employing two methodologies. The synthesized composite materials, BMOF2 and BMOF3, exhibited functional, textural, and structural characteristics that were modulated by the MOF growth pathway. SEM, RXD, FTIR, XPS, and the N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm confirmed the growth of HKUST-1. Both methodologies yield the same MOF, but differ in surface area and shape. The relative and total coverage percentages were determined, as well as the apparent selectivity at a fixed time, establishing direct correlations between the structural and textural differences in the materials and their dynamic performance in the presence of both gases. Although the adsorption capacities obtained do not exceed those of other MOFs, the results from BMOF2 and BMOF3 demonstrate that the efficiency of an adsorbent depends not only on its capacity but also on its technological feasibility, including rapid processing and high capacities. The combination of abundant availability, a simple, sustainable, and reproducible synthetic route, and competitive performance makes these compounds viable alternatives for large-scale applications. Incorporating HKUTS-1 into bone as a functional material is a promising approach to developing new compounds for gas capture in the treatment of gas streams.