Impact of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy on Visual Outcomes and Brain MRI Findings in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study From Northeast India

Preterm birth, low birth weight, and neonatal hypoxia were major contributors to HIE-related visual and neurological morbidity. Cortical MRI could serve as a key prognostic marker for visual outcomes. Early ophthalmologic screening and multidisciplinary management are critical for improving long-term outcomes.