Does ApoE promote phagocytosis of Amyloid‐beta?

ApoE inhibits phagocytic activity in monocytes and microglia regardless of isoform, reducing lipid droplet formation and potentially limiting pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage activation. The reduced Aβ surface binding by ApoE4 suggests diminished Aβ chaperoning, possibly contributing to Aβ aggregation initiation. These findings highlight mechanistic differences between ApoE isoforms in AD pathogenesis.