Coevolution of Thermoreceptor Genes of the TRP Family in 15 Populations of the Altai-Sayan Region, Western Siberia, and the Far East

The analysis of the TRPV3 thermoreceptor gene (rs322937) was carried out in 15 population samples (1503 people) belonging to different language groups living in the regions of the Altai-Sayan Highlands, Western Siberia, the Far East, and Canada. The highest frequency of the rare allele was found in the Yakuts (42.9%), and the lowest in the Eskimos (10.7%) and Evenks (10.8%). Deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were found in the population of Siberian Tatars. The greatest interpopulation differences were found between the Yakuts and Evenks, and the smallest were found between the Kazakhs, Telengits, and Khakass, the Telengits and Tatars, the Khakass and Nanai, and the Tuvans and Northern Altaians. Transassociation of polymorphic loci of the TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV3 genes was carried out using the method of regression analysis. Of the six pairs, a positive correlation was found in three: TRPA1/TRPV3, TRPV3/TRPV1, and TRPV1/TRPM8. Thus, the TRPV3 gene studied by us is positively correlated with TRPV1 and TRPA1 and negatively with TRPM8. The results obtained may indicate different selective pressure in different geographical areas determined by climatic factors.