Intellectual capital in the modern livestock industry of Russia: assessment and development prospects

This article examines intellectual capital in the Russian livestock industry, using enterprises producing bull semen as a case study. The study draws on G.B. Kleiner's theory of intelligence as a systemic factor in firm development and includes an analysis of the structural components of human capital: educational capital, health capital, social and labor capital, and intellectual capital. A comprehensive study of the industry's human resources potential was conducted through a survey of 28 organizations within the state holding company "Head Center for the Reproduction of Agricultural Animals." The analysis identified specific characteristics of the age composition of personnel, personnel education level, remuneration systems, and development programs. The organizational and legal forms of enterprises in the industry and financial and economic indicators, including labor productivity, sales profitability, and personnel profitability, were examined. High levels of specialist qualifications and the existence of onboarding and training systems for new employees were identified, while problem areas for developing management competencies were also highlighted. The study's results highlight the need to improve personnel training systems and implement modern personnel motivation programs to enhance the efficiency of the livestock industry in the context of digitalization and biotechnology.