Vitoria, Soto, and Suárez on totus orbis and the Secularization of ius gentium

This article presents an analysis of the doctrine produced by Spanish scholastic theologians on the relationship between ius gentium and natural law. It questions their writings to see to what extent it is possible to speak of a "secularized" concept of ius gentium. The article focuses on three key thinkers on this question, Francisco de Vitoria, Domingo de Soto, and Francisco Suárez, and places them within the relevant intellectual traditions of the 16th century, in particular, Thomist and Bartolist legal theories.