The relationship between white matter microstructure injury and plasma neuroinflammatory biomarkers and cognitive impairment : a NODDI and multi‐center study

The neurite density index (NDI), a key metric derived from NODDI (multi-shell diffusion MRI), effectively captures neurodegenerative changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Neuroinflammation, as indicated by circulating GFAP levels, appears to impact cognitive function, particularly memory, by contributing to synaptic density loss in the white matter microstructure. These findings highlight neuroinflammation as a potential target for future disease-modifying trials aimed at mitigating synaptic loss.