Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD)

Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD) is a recently implemented nomenclature and disease terminology for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, who consume greater amounts of alcohol. MetALD is diagnosed in individuals who have at least one metabolic risk factor (such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc) and consume 140-350 g/week of alcohol for women or 210-420 g/week for men. Conversely, alcohol-associated liver disease is diagnosed in individuals who consume >350 g/week of alcohol for women and >420 g/week for men. MetALD represents a heterogeneous spectrum of liver disease, with variations in clinical presentation and severity driven by differences in metabolic profiles, drinking patterns and individual susceptibility. Alcohol and metabolic risk factors are thought to act synergistically to accelerate steatohepatitis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the precise mechanisms underlying liver injury in MetALD still remain poorly understood. In this comprehensive review, we summarise the current definition, diagnostic criteria and clinical management of MetALD. We also discuss emerging insights into understanding its pathogenesis, examine relevant experimental models and highlight future challenges and research priorities in this evolving field.

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Publication Details

Journal
eGastroenterology
Published
2025-10-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2025-100319
Citations
7
Primary Topic
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
10.30
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article

Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD)

J GEORGE, Gyöngyi Szabó, Rebeca Bataller, Peter Stärkel et al.
7 citations
eGastroenterology
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
10.30
article

Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD)

J GEORGE, Gyöngyi Szabó, Rebeca Bataller, Peter Stärkel, S. Liangpunsakul, F. Tacke, W Mehal, W. Kim, S. Hwang, Bin Gao, Yu Gao, MING-HUA ZHENG, Cristina Llorente, Yong He, Wen-Xing Ding, Schalk Vandermerwe, Rohit Loomba, Hua Wang, Leggio Lorenzo, Bernd Schnabl, Juan Pablo Arab
article en
7 citations

Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD) is a recently implemented nomenclature and disease terminology for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, who consume greater amounts of alcohol. MetALD is diagnosed in individuals who have at least one metabolic risk factor (such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc) and consume 140-350 g/week of alcohol for women or 210-420 g/week for men. Conversely, alcohol-associated liver disease is diagnosed in individuals who consume >350 g/week of alcohol for women and >420 g/week for men. MetALD represents a heterogeneous spectrum of liver disease, with variations in clinical presentation and severity driven by differences in metabolic profiles, drinking patterns and individual susceptibility. Alcohol and metabolic risk factors are thought to act synergistically to accelerate steatohepatitis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the precise mechanisms underlying liver injury in MetALD still remain poorly understood. In this comprehensive review, we summarise the current definition, diagnostic criteria and clinical management of MetALD. We also discuss emerging insights into understanding its pathogenesis, examine relevant experimental models and highlight future challenges and research priorities in this evolving field.

eGastroenterologyVol. 3(4)
Broad Institute (US), National Institutes of Health (US), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (BE), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US), National Institute on Drug Abuse (US), Harvard University (US), Virginia Commonwealth University (US), Jilin University (CN), Anhui Medical University (CN), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Millennium Institute (BR), Wenzhou Medical University (CN), Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE), Seoul Metropolitan Government (KR), First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (CN), Westmead Hospital (AU), Yale University (US), University of California San Diego (US), University of New Haven (US), Institute of Experimental Endocrinology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (US), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (CN), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (US), First Hospital of Jilin University (CN), University of Kansas Medical Center (US), First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (CN), Westmead Institute (AU), Westmead Institute for Medical Research (AU), Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (ES), Pusan National University (KR), Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE), KU Leuven (BE)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 1%
Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
10.30
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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