THE CLASSIFICATION OF METAPHOR IN ENGLISH FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS

Metaphor plays a central role in human language and cognition, enabling speakers to express abstract ideas through concrete and familiar experiences. This paper examines the classification of metaphor within the framework of English functional linguistics, with particular attention to source and target domains, structural characteristics, and social functions. The study explores conceptual, primary, and complex metaphors and highlights their persuasive role in discourse. By analyzing metaphorical language across different communicative contexts, the paper demonstrates how metaphors shape meaning, reflect cognitive processes, and convey cultural values. The findings emphasize that metaphors are not merely stylistic devices but fundamental mechanisms through which individuals conceptualize and interpret reality.