Indikasi Tekanan Ekologis Mangrove Provinsi Bangka Belitung Tahun 2025

This open research report presents the results of a spatial assessment of ecological pressure on mangrove ecosystems in the Province of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia, for the year 2025. The study is conducted within the framework of Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) ecology and aims to provide an indicative, evidence-based overview of mangrove ecosystem conditions at the provincial and administrative levels. The analysis uses Global Mangrove Watch (GMW) 2020 as the baseline for mangrove distribution and Sentinel-2 Level-2A satellite imagery (2025) as monitoring data for vegetation condition. Annual median composites were generated using Google Earth Engine to minimize seasonal effects. Ecological pressure is identified based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values below 0.45 within mangrove baseline areas, representing reduced vegetation density and functional ecosystem stress. This approach assesses functional vegetation health and is not intended to measure direct mangrove loss. The results indicate that the total mangrove cover in Bangka Belitung Province is approximately 49,333 hectares, of which 5,746.71 hectares (11.6%) are identified as experiencing ecological pressure in 2025. Spatial variation is observed across districts and municipalities, reflecting differences in coastal characteristics and land-use intensity. Areas with larger absolute pressure and areas with higher relative pressure are distinguished to support comparative interpretation. This report is published as a working paper and open research output. It has not undergone academic journal peer review and does not constitute a legal determination of environmental damage. The findings are intended to serve as an early warning system, supporting environmental monitoring, data literacy, and evidence-based coastal ecosystem management.