Cultural Effects of Demographic Factors on Cognitive Function: Findings from U.S. and Korea

These findings highlight cross-cultural differences in how demographic factors influence cognitive function. The greater effect of education on Language and VF in KoGES-CAVAS-CA likely reflects differences in educational attainment between the two populations, with FHS having more college graduates and KoGES-CAVAS-CA participants averaging a middle school education. Additionally, more pronounced Language sex differences in KoGES-CAVAS-CA suggest sex-related cognitive differences may vary across cultural contexts. These results emphasize the need to consider demographic disparities in cognitive research.