Factors Influencing Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Treatment and Recovery in Alor, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia

Background: Indonesia aims to reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence by 50% in 2025 and 80% in 2030. In Alor, TB case notification has reached only 38%, while contact investigation remains low at 21% (46 of 220 cases), ranking 6th lowest in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This study explored factors influencing TB diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. Method: Focus group discussions were conducted with 32 recovered TB patients at three community health centers (Moru, Alor Kecil, and Kenarilang). In-depth interviews were held with six key local stakeholders, including representatives from the Health Office, the Research and Development Unit, three heads of community health centers, and the Acting Regent of Alor. A deductive approach and thematic analysis were used to identify major themes. Results: Four key issues emerged: limited awareness, financial and geographical barriers, the role of family support, and shortages in health resources. Knowledge gaps about TB led to delays in seeking diagnosis and treatment. Long distances to health centers and transportation costs hindered consistent treatment. Family support was crucial for adherence to therapy. Informants also emphasized inadequate human resources to manage TB effectively in Alor. Conclusion: Strengthening TB control in Alor requires addressing knowledge gaps, economic barriers, and resource limitations. Improving health promotion, expanding social and family support, and enhancing funding and workforce capacity are essential for achieving better TB diagnosis, treatment, and recovery outcomes. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Indonesia