Mechanising Tradition: Ethical, Cultural and Technological Dimensions of Mechanical Elephants in Kerala Temples

Abstract This paper examines the tradition of using captive elephants in religious ceremonies and festivals in Kerala’s temples. For centuries, animals specially elephants are the integral part of the state culture and its temple rituals. However, rising concern over the elephant’s pathetic condition because of mistreatment including stress, physical abuse, chaining for long-duration have incite the introduction of mechanical elephants with contemporary standards of expectation of animal welfare, safety, environment and economic sustainability. This paper investigates, can mechanical elephants effectively perform the functions of live elephants such as performing various rituals, aesthetic functions, ceremonial processions. Further, does the introduction of mechanical elephants effectively reduce the animal welfare concerns, safety risks for both elephants and humans, ecological damage. Lastly, the paper discusses future prospects and policy implications. Keywords: Mechanical Elephant, Technology, Animal Welfare, Sustainability, Temples