Association of CTGF and TGF –ß1 With Glomerulus Fibrosis in Iraqi Diabetic Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (referred to as diabetes hereafter) is increasing in worldwide. Due to hyperglycemia at long periods and uncontrolled diabetes, complications could occur. Diabetes complications include microvascular and macrovascular complications that target the kidneys, nerves, eyes and heart. Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate the level of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) and transforming growth factor-B1(TGF-B-) together with some of relevant biochemical factors in patients with diabetes and diabetic nephropathy compared with healthy controls. The study included 120 (male 60and female 60) ranging in age (30-65) years old. Ninety patients with type 2 diabetes subdivided into three groups according to ACR criteria normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria (30 patients for each group) and 30 healthy people served as the control group, who visited Baghdad Teaching Hospital / Medical City and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, at the period between December 2021 and May 2022. CTGF and TGF-B1 levels were determined using the ELISA technique. Lipid profile, FBS, urea levels were estimated using calorimetric techniques. The results showed significant differences between groups of patients and control group for both CTGF and TGF-β1. Also, a significant differences of ACR were found among all patient groups and control group. According to the recorded results in this study, it can be concluded that both CTGF and TGF-B1 can be applied as dependable indicative factors between disease case and normal condition. Moreover, ROC analysis data revealed that CTGF and TGF-B1 excellent markers for follow up diabetic nephropathy (DN) disease.