Systematic review and meta-analysis of internal urethrotomy <i>vs</i> open urethroplasty: implications for management of recurrent urethral stricture

Our review shows that open urethroplasty has lower recurrence rates at 12 months compared to internal urethrotomy for recurrent urethral strictures. However, symptom relief, improvement in urinary flow rate, complications, and post-procedure sexual function were comparable between the two procedures. Further randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes, multicenter designs, and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the results of our review.