Interplay of Hypoperfusion and Neuroinflammation: Effects on Biomarkers and Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment

These findings underscore distinctive biomarkers that differentiate neuroinflammation-predominant and hypoperfusion-predominant MCI. They further reveal the intricate interplay between hypoperfusion and neuroinflammation, highlighting their interdependence and combined contributions to MCI pathology. These results emphasize the need for personalized therapeutic strategies addressing the dual pathologies of cerebrovascular and inflammatory dysfunctions, particularly in populations with region-specific variations in MCI pathology.