Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias among Aging Veterans: Examining Gene‐by‐Environment Interactions with Cardiovascular Diseases

These additive-scale interactions are more directly interpretable than multiplicative-scale interactions. They indicate that the prevalence of ADRD associated with cardiovascular disease increases with the number of inherited APOE-ε4 alleles (e.g. from 3.3% greater ADRD frequency associated with hypertension at age 80 for those with 0 ε4 copies to 5.6% for those with 2 copies; see Figure). Combining genetic testing with information about health comorbidities could contribute to more accurate dementia risk assessment within the Veteran population, and likely within other populations as well.