Enhancing flexural strength and impact energy in hybrid aluminum composites: a synergistic approach reinforcing CeO2 and GNPs

Purpose This study aims to explore the fabrication and performance of novel stir-casted hybrid aluminum composites reinforcing with nanoceria (CeO2) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) to enhance their flexural strength and impact resistance. Design/methodology/approach The integration of these nanoscale reinforcements within the aluminum matrix is achieved through a systematic fabrication process, including material selection, reinforcement pre-treatment and controlled casting. The resulting composites are subjected to comprehensive characterization, including microstructural analysis using SEM and mechanical testing for flexural and impact properties. Findings The findings reveal a notable improvement in flexural strength (from 289.319 to 589.105 MPa) as the percentage of reinforcements in the composite increases, with the highest enhancement observed in composites containing 6 wt.% of CeO2 and GNPs. Impact strength also exhibits a significant increase (50.2%) as the fraction of reinforcements rises, reaching a peak with 6 wt.% of hybrid composites. Fractographic analysis demonstrates a range of fracture mechanisms, including particle decohesion, micro-void formation and variations in ductile and brittle behavior. Originality/value Hybrid reinforcement, a method that involves the combination of two or more reinforcements, presents a distinct approach to enhancing the properties of composites. Advanced composites are characterized by their high strength-to-weight ratios. Should the performance of the novel composite material prove to be satisfactory, it has the potential to supplant conventional materials now used in the construction of aircraft. The reduction in weight of aircraft construction has been found to enhance fuel efficiency, resulting in decreased operational costs and mitigated environmental impacts.