Fabrication of Polycaprolactone/Nano Hydroxyapatite/Silver Composite Scaffolds by Freeze-Drying Method

Regarding the natural structure of bone tissue, synthetic polymer-ceramic composite scaffolds have attracted great attentions for bone replacement applications. So, the present research tried to prepare nanocomposite scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) as the biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric matrix, hydroxyapatite nano (n-HA) particles as the bioactive and reinforcing filler and silver particles as the antibacterial agent. Porous scaffolds with different compositions have been prepared by using the freeze-drying method, which have been characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), porosimetry and mechanical analysis. Additionally, the in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds has been evaluated by soaking the samples in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for 21 days, where the formation of an apatite layer has been observed by SEM analysis. The compressive strength of the scaffolds as well as their bioactivity have been increased by increase in the content HA and silver particles. The obtained FESEM images have demonstrated the interconnected pores with around 73-81% porosity, as measured by the Archimedes test, which can provide appropriate conditions for osteoblast cells adhesion and proliferation. Therefore, the prepared PCL/n-HA/Ag nano-composite scaffolds can be considered as an alternative solution for the replacement of the damaged bone tissue.