Reflections of the 2021 update of the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) guideline: a single-center retrospective comparative cohort analysis

Among the cohort of 169 patients at risk of ROP, the median gestational age was 30.2 (interquartile range [IQR]: 27.4-32.1) weeks and the median birth weight was 1354 g (IQR: 920-1760). Severe ROP was detected in 2.9% (n=5) of the premature infants included in the study. When comparing the periods before and after the 2021 guideline update, the incidence of severe ROP was found to be 3.7% vs. 2.2%, respectively (p=0.085). After the 2021 update, the number of infants examined at ≥33 weeks increased approximately 2.5-fold, but no severe ROP was detected in this group. Small gestational age, low birth weight, multiple erythrocyte suspension transfusions, patent ductus arteriosus, prolonged oxygen duration, and prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation were found to be statistically significant risk factors for severe ROP (p.