Emergency-Evacuation Safety Evaluation of Temporary Examination Rooms in University Teaching Buildings Based on Grey Relational Analysis

With the growing scale of university examinations, teaching buildings are increasingly converted into temporary examination venues, raising concerns regarding crowding conditions and evacuation safety. This study proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing evacuation safety in temporary examination-room settings using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). A multi-level indicator system covering structural conditions, evacuation facilities, organizational management, personnel characteristics, and emergency preparedness is established. Through data standardization, weight assignment, and computation of grey relational coefficients, the framework quantitatively identifies the key factors affecting evacuation performance. A case study of a university teaching building yields an overall grey relational grade of 0.5956, corresponding to a “Moderate to Relatively Safe” level. Although most safety measures meet baseline requirements, several localized bottlenecks remain. In particular, insufficient corridor width, long evacuation distances, and inadequate emergency lighting reduce overall performance. Scenario-based improvement analyses indicate that targeted measures—such as widening critical corridors, optimizing evacuation path layouts, and enhancing emergency lighting—can substantially raise the grey relational grade and mitigate evacuation risks. The proposed evaluation model offers a practical and scalable tool for assessing and improving evacuation safety in teaching buildings repurposed as temporary examination venues.