Exploring Factors Influencing ChatGPT-Assisted Learning Satisfaction from an Information Systems Success Model Perspective: The Case of Art and Design Students

As education undergoes digital transformation, ChatGPT-4 has emerged as one of the most visible tools of generative artificial intelligence. While widely discussed, its impact on student satisfaction and learning outcomes in higher education remains underexplored. This study investigates the factors that shape art and design students’ satisfaction when using ChatGPT to support coursework. Unlike previous research focusing on ChatGPT adoption behavior, this study extends the Information Systems Success Model (ISSM) to the context of art and design education. Drawing on 435 valid survey responses, we employed a mixed-methods approach. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was first applied to examine how system quality, compatibility, personal innovativeness, and perceived usefulness influence satisfaction directly and through mediating mechanisms. To complement this, fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) was used to identify multiple combinations of conditions that lead to high satisfaction. The findings show that compatibility, perceived usefulness, and personal innovativeness significantly enhance satisfaction, with path coefficients of 0.378, 0.342, and 0.155, respectively. Importance–Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) further highlights personal innovativeness and system quality as critical drivers. By providing both theoretical and practical insights, this study contributes to the growing body of research on generative AI in art and design education and informs the design of courses and digital learning tools.