Needle replacement before subcutaneous vaccination in dogs: a randomized clinical trial finds no clinical benefit
Injecting dogs with the same needle used for drawing up vaccines is clinically acceptable. Replacement provides no measurable patient benefit while adding risk, waste, and cost.
Authors
- Rachael Kreisler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-5521)
- Marissa Baird
- Debbie Statton
- Jane Sagaser
- Jessica Jones
Institutions
- Midwestern University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Published
- 2025-12-24
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.10.0661
- Primary Topic
- Intramuscular injections and effects
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00