Impacts of additive manufacturing on manufacturing supply chain design

Purpose This study investigates the critical enablers required for the successful integration of additive manufacturing (AM) into manufacturing supply chains (MSCs). It aims to identify the necessary conditions that must be present to unlock the full potential of additive manufacturing in enhancing supply chain resilience, responsiveness, and efficiency. Design/methodology/approach The research adopts a Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) methodology to determine essential conditions for the effective adoption of AM. Data were collected through expert interviews across three strategically important industries (healthcare, aerospace/automotive and consumer goods). Eight key enablers were identified through analysis of the interview data. Findings The study identifies eight necessary conditions for integrating AM into MSCs, including business network development, technological advancement, information sharing, hybrid production models, capability redesign and process quality certification. It emphasizes that the absence of any one of these enablers can critically impede supply chain performance improvements, regardless of other strengths in the system. Practical implications The findings provide actionable guidance for firms and policymakers seeking to implement AM as a strategic supply chain tool. By understanding the industry-specific enablers that must be in place, decision-makers can better allocate resources and design implementation strategies that ensure the success of AM initiatives. Originality/value This research fills a notable gap in the existing literature by shifting the focus from sufficient to necessary conditions for AM integration. It introduces the NCA methodology into the AM and supply chain domain, offering a novel perspective on strategic implementation challenges.