Nutritional Adequacy and Dietary Assessment Approaches in Institutionalised Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Settings: A Systematic Review (2004–2024)

Nutrition in LTC settings frequently falls short of meeting the energy and nutrient requirements of institutionalised older adults. Persistent inadequacies in energy, protein, and key micronutrients were observed across studies, alongside substantial variability in dietary assessment methods and reference frameworks, limiting comparability of findings.