Green Electromagnetic Shielding Materials from Biomass: Mechanisms, Design Strategies, and Future Perspectives

The rapid advancement of microelectronic technologies and smart devices has intensified the need for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials that are not only efficient and multifunctional, but also sustainable and environmentally friendly. Biomass‐based materials, with their unique hierarchical architectures, diverse chemical functionalities, and inherent renewability, have emerged as promising candidates in this domain. This review provides a systematic overview of the structural characteristics and functional advantages of biomass‐derived EMI shielding composite materials, with an emphasis on shielding mechanisms and performance optimization strategies. Particular attention is given to the synergistic integration of various conductive components (e.g., MXene, carbon, metals, and conductive polymers) with rational structural designs (such as film, porous frameworks, and bicontinuous architectures), which enable the development of materials with enhanced shielding efficiency and structural stability. Finally, the outlook outlines key future directions, including sustainable filler development, intelligent shielding architectures, green scalable fabrication, and data‐driven materials design. This work offers comprehensive insights to guide the innovation of next‐generation high‐performance, ecofriendly EMI shielding materials for advanced electronic and communication applications.