Biomolecular Insights Into the Antifungal Activity of <i>Allium</i> Species Constituents: From Mechanisms to Applications

Saponins from <i>Allium</i> species represent promising adjuncts for overcoming antifungal drug resistance and may expand treatment options beyond traditional sulfur-derived compounds. These bioactive molecules also show potential for agricultural use against soil-borne pathogens like <i>F. oxysporum</i>, as well as food preservation applications against spoilage fungi such as <i>Penicillium italicum</i> and <i>A. niger</i>. Overall, <i>Allium</i> species constitute a valuable natural source of antifungal agents with broad pharmaceutical and agricultural relevance.