Exploring the Effects of High Protein and High Inulin Composite Shrimp Surimi Gels on Constipated Mice by Modulating Gastrointestinal Function and Gut Microbiota

This study aimed to develop a dietary fiber-rich Antarctic krill composite shrimp surimi gel (AKSG) and to investigate the improvement effects of high protein (HP), high protein and dietary fiber (HPDF), and high dietary fiber (HDF) diet interventions on constipation behaviors and gut microbiota of mice. The results showed that the HPDF group significantly improved defecation in constipated mice, enhanced gastrointestinal peristalsis, and exhibited the most obvious effect on improving the colonic structure. The gut microbial analysis showed that the HPDF group increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and improved the intestinal microbial environment of constipated mice. In addition, all groups effectively regulated the secretion of intestinal neurotransmitters. Inulin significantly increased the fecal water content by binding to water molecules, thus softening feces. Meanwhile, the addition of an appropriate amount of protein could further absorb water in the intestinal tract and relieve constipation. In conclusion, dietary fiber-rich AKSG might be a promising nutritious functional food for constipation relief.