Asymmetry and bromination strategies in the design of self-assembled monolayers for high-performance organic solar cells

We developed a new class of self-assembled monolayers as hole-selective layers for organic solar cells (OSCs) through the asymmetric π-expansion of a carbazole core. When employed to modify indium tin oxide substrates, the brominated derivative 2Br-BACz demonstrates superior and robust interfacial characteristics, which facilitate a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.0% in the resulting OSCs.