A bibliometric study on cryptocurrency crowdfunding and Islamic finance for advancing Shariah-compliant FinTech

This paper conducts a bibliometric review of the scholarly sources of the intersection of cryptocurrencies, crowdfunding, and Islamic finance, in order to see the trends, contributions, and new directions to make Shariah-compliant FinTech and sustainability. The past decade witnessed the revolution of digital technologies such as blockchain, IoT, and AI in the banking and industries. Cryptocurrencies make the peer-to-peer transactions possible and crowdfunding helps businesses to raise funds. The concept of blockchain and central bank digital currency (CBDCs) will support sustainable finance by improving green bonds and reducing emissions. Crowdfunding in Islamic finance complies with the Shariah, as offered under risk-sharing schemes like the Mudarabah and Qard Hasan; however, the integration of the cryptocurrency as an additional risk management tool faces regulatory and compliance difficulties. Despite recent growing academic attention since 2017, most prominently dropped by Malaysia and Indonesia, there exist gaps in understanding their synergistic role towards financial inclusion and strong sustainability (SS). Blockchain relieves gharar and automates contracts that are Shariah compliant; however, there are still regulatory disagreements. Planned performing and ethics theories, the Theory of Planned Behaviors and Maqasid al-Shariah educate about the open and fair influences in adoption and assessment procedures. Through the VOSviewer and Scopus data (20142025), 158 articles reveal a maximum of publications of 2024, a high of 2020 citations, and the two countries, Malaysia (60 documents) and Indonesia as the most significant ones, with such publications as the Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. Recommendations on transparent, sustainable financial ecosystems involve better blockchain-based crowdfunding, Shariah-ajority digital currencies, and better cryptocurrency determinations.