Can vascular biomarkers be used in hypertension management to improve cardiovascular outcomes?

Regarding the risk stratification of physiological vascular tests in hypertensive patients, while some hypertension guidelines provide cutoff values for physiological tests, the reference values for blood biomarkers are not clearly defined. Future evidence on the contribution of vascular biomarker measurements to improve outcome in hypertensive patients is expected, including the establishment of appropriate cutoff values based on large studies of blood biomarkers and future evidence on cardio-ankle vascular index.