Competencies and barriers in Interprofessional collaboration practice among early career doctors and nurses

Interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) is essential. Its development in the early career stage remains underexplored, particularly in Asia, where hierarchical cultures and limited interprofessional education. Understanding these gaps is critical for curriculum design and workplace strategies. This study assessed IPCP among early-career doctors and nurses in Thailand using the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS), together with questionnaires on perceived barriers and training needs. Nurses reported significantly higher ICCAS scores across all domains (mean 3.65 vs 3.26, <i>p</i> < .001), with the most significant gap observed in roles and responsibilities (Hedges' g = 0.77). Doctors more often cited systemic and organizational barriers, while nurses emphasized role clarity and communication challenges. Despite their higher competence ratings, nurses expressed greater demand for additional training, with more than 90% reporting needs across most domains. These patterns persisted after adjustment for demographic factors, suggesting that disparities are influenced by professional pathways rather than background alone. The findings indicate that nurses enter practice with stronger collaborative habits, whereas doctors face early pressures that constrain engagement in team-based care. Addressing these gaps requires integrated interventions. Simulation-based training, structured mentorship, and shared learning can strengthen competencies early. Adequate organizational support is critical for the long-term sustainability of IPCP.<b>Trial registration</b>: TCTR20240313001 (Thai Clinical Trials Registry) registered Mar 13, 2024.