Slow-Coherency-Based Controlled Splitting Strategy Considering Wind Power Uncertainty and Multi-Infeed HVDC Stability

In the context of a high proportion of renewable energy integration, active splitting section search—one of the “three defense lines” of a power system—is crucial for the security, stability, and long-term sustainability of islanded grids. Addressing the random fluctuations of high-penetration wind power and the weakened voltage support capability caused by multi-infeed HVDC, this paper proposes a slow-coherency-based active splitting section optimization model that explicitly accounts for wind power uncertainty and multi-infeed DC stability constraints. First, a GMM-K-means method is applied to historical wind data to model, sample, and cluster scenarios, efficiently generating and reducing a representative set of typical wind outputs; this accurately captures wind uncertainty while lowering computational burden. Subsequently, an improved particle swarm optimizer enhanced by genetic operators is used to optimize a multi-dimensional coherency fitness function that incorporates a refined equivalent power index, frequency constraints, and connectivity requirements. Simulations on a modified New England 39-bus system demonstrate that the proposed model markedly enlarges the post-split voltage stability margin and effectively reduces power-flow shocks and power imbalance compared with existing methods. This research contributes to enhancing the sustainability and operational resilience of power systems under energy transition.