PlantSpecLab: A comprehensive open-source platform for high-throughput plant spectral data processing and phenotypic modeling

High-throughput plant phenotyping with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is pivotal for accelerating crop improvement to address global food security. Adoption is limited by a data-processing bottleneck, forcing a trade-off between costly, inflexible commercial software and programming-intensive open-source libraries. To overcome this barrier, we developed PlantSpecLab, an open-source, no-code platform that unifies the HSI workflow from image processing to modeling within a single interactive interface. The platform introduces spectrally guided segmentation strategies (Range Averaging, Difference Enhancement) and a spectral Fractional-Order Differencing (FOD) preprocessor to enhance extraction of subtle, physiologically relevant features. Across diverse in-house and public datasets, FOD-preprocessed spectra improved model performance over conventional pipelines, yielding 87.35% accuracy for tomato maturity and R 2 = 0.878 for fruit firmness. In cross-software benchmarks, PlantSpecLab matched the accuracy of ENVI and code-based Python pipelines while reducing end-to-end workflow time by >90% (>80 min to ∼8 min). PlantSpecLab provides a transparent, efficient analytical environment that lowers the technical barrier to HSI analysis. This enables researchers to prioritize biological interpretation while minimizing computational overhead.