Integrated Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiling in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Perspectives

Acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL), a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia(AML), has garnered significant attention in recent years regarding its pathogenesis and the molecular basis of its treatment response. With the rapid advancement of proteomics and metabolomics technologies, researchers can now delve deeper into revealing the molecular characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia and the regulatory role of its microenvironment. This review summarizes the latest research progress in proteomics and metabolomics within the acute promyelocytic leukemia field, focusing on analyzing the critical role of the the promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML::RARα) fusion gene fusion protein in regulating cellular metabolism and protein expression. Furthermore, the article explores the importance of the immune system in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment response and the impact of all-trans retinoic acid/arsenic trioxide therapy on the proteome and metabolome. By synthesizing existing research findings, this review aims to discuss how proteomic and metabolomic data elucidate the pathological mechanisms and therapeutic targets of acute promyelocytic leukemia, providing a theoretical basis for future precision medicine and translational research.